Epidemic encephalitis B

Epidemic encephalitis B, also known as Japanese Encephalitis (JE), is an acute infectious disease of the central nervous system primarily characterized by inflammation of the brain tissue caused by the JE virus. The main vector for JE is the Culex mosquito, which becomes infected by biting animals such as pigs and cows carrying the virus, and subsequently bites humans, transmitting the virus to them.

Humans are generally susceptible, and the incubation period is usually 4 to 14 days. After infection, the majority of individuals either have no symptoms or experience mild symptoms. A minority may exhibit typical symptoms such as high fever, altered consciousness, seizures, pathological reflexes, and signs of meningeal irritation. JE has a high mortality rate, and some cases may result in severe long-term sequelae.

JE is a vaccine-preventable disease. The national immunization program includes JE vaccines, which can be either live attenuated or inactivated. Mosquito prevention and control are also important measures to prevent the transmission of the virus.